Miller Magazine Issue: 113 May 2019

77 ARTICLE MAY 2019 SUMMARY In order to determine the long-term effect of Delta- methrin on Sitophilus oryzae L. (Rice Germ) and Plodia Interpunctella (Hübner) (Dried Fruit Moth) in maize, the recommended concentration of K-Obiol EC25 (10 ml drug + 1 liter water / 1 ton production) that con- tains 25-gram pure Deltamethrin and 250-gram pure Piperonyl butoxide per liter under 25 centigrade condi- tions and the lower and upper concentration of above mentioned concentration were used and were subjec- ted to biologic tests for six months. For this purpose, 5, 7.5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 ml drug + 1 lt water / 1 ton product concentrations were applied on maize, and before applying this to products, one day and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 months later, S. oryzae and P. interpunctella majors were released. According to the results obtained from the tests, S. oryzae and P. interpunctella majors that were released one day before the application at higher concentrations and 7.5 ml of drug + 1 lt water / 1 ton product were completely dead. In 20 and 30 ml of drug + 1lt water /1-ton product applications, S. oryzae and P. interpun- ctella that were released into the product at different dates after drug were determined to die. As a consequ- ence, it has been concluded that 10 ml drug + 1 liter water / 1 ton crop dose can be used successfully in the application. 1.INTRODUCTION Grains hold importance for both human nutrition and livestock sector. After harvesting, the unprocessed grain is stored for some times and may even be re-stored in processing plants. It is stated that half of the ten percent loss in stored products is caused by insects (five percent) (Esin, 1971). The most commonly used chemical control method in the control of grain pests in our country is the fumigation and contact effect synthetic insecticides (Ch- lorpyrifos-methyl, pirimiphos-methyl, malathion, delta- methrin + piperonyl butoxide), and aluminium-phosphi- ne. In this study, it is aimed to determine the efficiency of the biological activity of commercial insecticide K-Obiol EC 25 that has potent material 25-gram pure Deltameth- rin and 250-gram pure Piperonyl butoxide (PBO) per lit- re against the harmful Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Rice Germ) and Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Dry Fruit Moth) in stored grains. In this context, in laboratory conditions, the recommended dose of K-Obiol EC 25 together with two lower and three upper doses were directly sprayed onto the corn and aimed to determine their biological activity against S. oryzae and P. interpunctella. 2. MATERIAL AND METHOD 2.1. Tested Products and Insect Species In the standard drug trial “Pioneer-3394 0.2” corn type (Zea mays L.) was used which was not soiled with insects and contains 10% ± 0.2 product moisture. In the drug experiment, Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Rice Germ) and Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Dried Fruit Moth) were used on corn (Figure 1). 2.2. Drug and application concentration used in biological tests In biological tests, 25-gram pure Deltamethrin acti- ve substance and 250-gram pure Piperonyl butoxide (PBO) K-Obiol EC 25 per liter were used as a protecti- ve insecticide that was used against grain pests in our country. In the standard drug trial, 10 ml + 1 liter water / ton recommended for six month protection against stored grain pests and two lower doses of this recom- mended dose (5 ml and 7.5 ml drug + 1 liter water / 1 ton product) and three upper dose (15 ml, 20 ml and 30 ml drug + 1 liter water / 1 ton product) were spread directly on product with Airbrush. 2.3. Determination of the Effectiveness of the Drug in Laboratory Conditions and Trial Method All biological activity tests were carried out at a tem- perature of 25 ± 1ºC at a relative humidity of 60 ± 5%, and in a dark climate chamber on maize. Maize grains were weighed into 3-kg batches with scales and placed into plastic basins in a single row, and the insec- ticide solution to be applied was sprayed on the produ- ct with an Airbrush sprayer. For the control group, the same process was carried out using water, and the spra- yed products were allowed to dry for 24 hours. After the product was dried, 200 grams of each 3 kilograms of medicated product was taken and placed in 250-mil- liliter glass jars and 25 S. oryzae and P. interpunctella Figure 1. Plodia interpunctella (Dried Fruit Moth) and Sitophilus oryzae (Rice Germ) majors.