Miller Magazine Issue: 115 July 2019

79 ARTICLE MILLER / JULY 2019 alone, the utilization of a series of sensing devices can provide an “early warning” system, that will pro- vide alerts whenever the application is not going to be successful and provide the inferences necessary for taking corrective actions. Moreover, the inclusion of bioassays on a regular basis in industrial applications may help finding possible gaps in the treated area. In this bioassays, apart from parental mortality, progeny production should be also evaluated to indicate pos- sible immature survival. Furthermore, the results from the bioassays should be further utilized as a means to “auto-correct” the application algorithm, through providing efficacy data that can be directly adaptable per application scenario. It is true that the algorithms that are currently in use require additional tuning for silo applications, mostly due to the fact that insect mortality data rely on laboratory bioassays, semi-field bioassays or applications in chambers, which are far more static than the dynamic nature of industrial silo treatments. In this regard, additional experimental work is required to shed light to the factors that af- fect low oxygen applications in silos, taking into ac- count different biotic or abiotic conditions, such as the structure itself, the type of the commodity, the temperature and the target insect. References Athanassiou C. G., Chiou A., Rumbos C. I., Sotir- oudas V., Sakka M., Nikolidaki E. K., Panagopoulou E. A., Kouvelas A., Katechaki E. and Karathanos V. T. (2016). Effect of nitrogen in combination with elevated temperatures on insects, microbes and organoleptic characteristics of stored currants. Journal of Pest Science 90: 557-567. Athanassiou C. G. and Arthur F. H. (2018). Recent advances in stored product protection, Springer. Navarro S., Athanassiou C.G., Varnava A., Vroom N., Yiassoumis D., Leandrou I. and Hadjioannou S. (2012). Control of stored grain insects using nitrogen in large concrete silos in Cyprus. Proceedings of the 9th International Conference of Controlled Atmos- pheres and Fumigation in Stored Products, Antalya, Tyrkey, 15-19 October 2012, ARBER Professional: 478-487. 12 - 14 November 2019 InterContinental Geneva, Switzerland globalgrainevents.com/geneva Keynote address already confirmed by DAN BASSE , giving you his 12-month forecasts NEW: Digitalisation Workshop day looking into all factors and impacts of digitalising trade Get the Super Early Bird rate & SAVE MINIMUM £400